《大学英语教学大纲》对写作能力的要求如下:四级写作要求学生运用所学语言知识及写作方法,依据规定的题目与提示,在半小时内写出 100 至 120 词的短文。该短文应内容连贯,且无重大语法错误。
一、强调重要性型
“To sum up, cultivating a good learning habit is of utmost importance for college students as it not only paves the way for academic success but also equips them with essential skills for future endeavors.”(总之,培养良好的学习习惯对大学生至关重要,因为它不仅为学业成功铺平道路,还为他们未来的努力提供必要的技能。)
赏析:此结论句明确强调了培养良好学习习惯的重要性,通过“of utmost importance”以及后面阐述的对学业和未来的积极影响,有力地总结了文章主题,让读者深刻认识到这一行为的价值。
二、提出建议型
“In conclusion, it is high time that we took effective measures to protect the environment. We should start from small things like reducing waste and saving energy, and encourage more people to join in the environmental protection campaign.”(总之,现在是我们采取有效措施保护环境的时候了。我们应该从减少浪费和节约能源等小事做起,并鼓励更多的人加入到环保行动中来。)
赏析:该结论句在总结的基础上提出了具体的建议,“it is high time that...”这个句型增强了紧迫感,呼吁人们行动起来。从具体的小事入手,具有很强的可操作性,使文章更具实际意义。
三、展望未来型
“All in all, with the continuous development of technology and the joint efforts of people from all walks of life, we can look forward to a brighter future where education is more accessible and of higher quality.”(总之,随着技术的不断发展和各界人士的共同努力,我们可以期待一个更光明的未来,在那里教育将更加普及且质量更高。)
赏析:此句对未来进行了积极的展望,给人以希望。“with the continuous development of...and the joint efforts of...”表明了对未来的信心是建立在现实发展和人们努力的基础上,使展望更具合理性。
四、辩证思考型
“In conclusion, while the Internet brings us numerous conveniences, we should also be aware of its potential negative impacts. Only by using it wisely can we truly enjoy the benefits it offers.”(总之,虽然互联网给我们带来了无数的便利,但我们也应该意识到它潜在的负面影响。只有明智地使用它,我们才能真正享受它所提供的好处。)
赏析:这个结论句体现了辩证思维,既肯定了互联网的好处,又指出了其潜在问题,最后提出明智使用的方法。这种辩证的总结使文章更加客观全面,引导读者正确看待事物的两面性。
[例1]
Internet is playing an increasingly important role in people's life...
But just as a coin has two sides, Internet has its own drawbacks which should not beneglected...
Therefore, the Internet should be viewed as a double-edged sword, which presents uswith both conveniences and troubles...
[评析]文章开头说明互联网在我们生活中起着重大的作用,第二段转折用以说明互联网的负面影响,第三段则是对前面两种观点进行综合概括。该总结句增强了全文的逻辑,将全文融合成一个整体,加深了读者的印象。
[例2]
First, I turn to the local news to find out what is going on in my city. After that, I lookover the comics to cheer myself up after reading all the bad news. When I am ready forsomething serious again, I go back to the news section and look at the national news.
Finally, I check the sports pages to see how my favorite teams and athletes have beenperforming.
现提供四个选项,从中选择一个恰当的结论句:
A. Of course, I also look at my horoscope every day to see what is going to happen.
B. Reading the newspaper thoroughly is something I like to do everyday.
C. To sum up, I do not have a lot of time to read the newspaper, so I only look at thesections that interest me most.
D. All in all, my favorite part of the newspaper is the front page because it is full ofimportant information.
(解析)C为恰当。首先作者先看地方新闻,其次看漫画来娱乐自己,再者是看看重要的国家新闻,后才是感兴趣的体育新闻。文中用了turn to, look over, cheer myself up,ready for something serious,go back to the news section,check the sports pages,my favoriteteams等词语,逐步表明作者对新闻的态度和兴趣。而其他三个与全文的中心联系非常松散。
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